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|feast_day=Usually unobserved |birth_place= |death_place= |canonized_date= Pre-Congregation |patronage= Trecynon }} Fagan (; (ウェールズ語:Ffagan)), also known by other names including Fugatius, was a possibly legendary 2nd-century bishop and saint, said to have been sent by the pope to answer King Lucius's request for baptism and conversion to Christianity. Together with his companion St Deruvian, he was sometimes reckoned as the apostle of Britain. King Lucius's letter (in most accounts, to Pope Eleutherius) may represent earlier traditions but does not appear in surviving sources before the 6th century; the names of the bishops sent to him does not appear in sources older than the early 12th century, when their story was used to support the independence of the bishops of St Davids in Wales and the antiquity of the abbey at Glastonbury in England. The story became widely known following its appearance in Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudohistorical ''History of the Kings of Britain''. This was influential for centuries and its account of SS Fagan and Deruvian was used during the English Reformation to support the claims of both the Catholics and Protestants. Geoffrey's account is now considered wholly implausible, but Christianity was well-established in Roman Britain by the third century. Some scholars therefore argue the stories preserve a more modest account of the conversion of a Romano-British chieftain, possibly by Roman emissaries by these names. Fagan is the presumed namesake of St Fagans near Cardiff, now the home of a Welsh National History Museum. His feast day does not appear in any medieval Welsh calendar of the saints and is not presently observed by the Anglican, Catholic, or Orthodox churches in Wales. ==Name== St Fagan's name appears as "Phagan" () in William of Malmesbury's work ''On the Antiquity of the Glastonbury Church'',〔 written between 1129 and 1139.〔 It is given as "Fagan" (') in Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudo-historical ''History of the Kings of Britain'',〔 written around 1136 and sometimes supposed to have been the source of the name's later insertion into William's account.〔 The name has been variously connected with Latin ''paganus'' ("rural, pagan"), French ''faguin'' ("faggoter, wood gatherer"), and Old English ''fagin'' ("joyful").〔Gold, David L. ("Jewish Dickensiana, Part One: Despite Popular Belief, the Name ''Fagin'' in Charles Dickens's ''Oliver Twist'' Has No Jewish Connection" in ''Studies in Etymology and Etiology'', p. 767. ) University of Alicante Press (San Vicente), 2009. ISBN 9788479085179.〕 Wade-Evans proposed that the name was a confusion with the Italo-British rhetorician Bachan or Pachan who appears in the life of Saint Cadoc.〔Bartrum, Peter C. ("Bachan" in ''A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend up to about A. D. 1000'', p. 38. ) National Library of Wales, 1993. Emended 2009.〕 The entry on Pope Eleutherius in Petrus de Natalibus's late 14th-century collection of saints' lives gives Fagan's name as "Fugatius",〔Petrus de Natalibus. ("Eleutherius Papa" ["Pope Eleutherius"] in ''Catalogus Sanctorum'' [''Catalog of the Saints''], Vol. V, Ch. xlvi. ) 1406, 1st printed (Vicenza), 1493. Reprinted Giacomo Giunta (Lyon), 1543. 〕 an emendation subsequently copied by Platina〔Platina. (''Vitæ Pontificum Platinæ Historici Liber de Vita Christi ac Omnium Pontificum qui Hactenus Ducenti Fuere et XX'' [''Platina the Historian's Lives of the Popes: A Book on the Life of Christ and All the Popes Since who Are Two Hundred and 20''], p. 25. ) Johann von Koln & Johann Manthen von Gerresheim (Venice), 1479. 〕〔Platina. Translated by Paul Rycant as ''Lives of the Popes, from the Time of Our Saviour Jesus Christ to the Reign of Sixtus V''. (London), 1685. Edited and reprinted as (''The Lives of the Popes from the Time of Our Saviour Jesus Christ to the Accession of Gregory VII'', Vol. I, pp. 33–34. ) by Griffith, Farran, Okeden, & Welsh (London), 1888.〕 and many others.〔Jacobus Usserius (Ussher ). ''Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates, Quibus Inserta Est Pestiferæ Adversus Dei Gratiam a Pelagio Britanno in Ecclesiam Inductæ Hæreseos Historia'' (of the Britannic Churches, into Which Is Inserted a History of the Pestilent Heretics Introduced against the Grace of God by Pelagius the Briton into the Church'' ), Ch. IV. (Dublin), 1639. Reprinted in (''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, D. D. Lord Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of All Ireland'', Vol. V, pp. 74 f. ) Hodges, Smith, & Co. (Dublin), 1864. 〕 These names were further misspelled in later sources in a variety of ways.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fagan (saint)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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